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File:Dendi Caldera.jpg

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Dendi_Caldera.jpg ‎（639 × 423 像素，檔案大小：122 KB，MIME 類型：image/jpeg）

摘要

描述 Dendi Caldera, Ethiopia is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 16 crew member on the International Space Station. The Dendi Caldera is located on the Ethiopian Plateau, approximately 86 kilometers to the southwest of Addis Ababa. A caldera is a geological feature formed by the near-total eruption of magma from beneath a volcano, leading to collapse of the volcanic structure into the now-empty magma chamber. This collapse typically leaves a crater or depression where the volcano stood, and later volcanic activity can fill the caldera with younger lavas, ash, pyroclastic rocks, and sediments. While much of the volcanic rock in the area is comprised of basalt erupted as part of the opening of the East African Rift, more silica-rich rock types (characterized by minerals such as quartz and feldspar) are also present. According to scientists, the approximately 4 kilometers wide Dendi Caldera includes some of this silica-rich volcanic rock -- the rim of the caldera, visible in this view, is comprised mainly of poorly-consolidated ash erupted during the Tertiary Period (approximately 65 -- 2 million years ago). A notable feature of the Dendi Caldera is the presence of two shallow lakes formed within the central depression (center). This image also highlights a radial drainage pattern surrounding the remnants of the Dendi volcanic cone. Such patterns typically form around volcanoes, as rainfall has equal potential to move downslope on all sides of the cone and incise channels. No historical volcanic eruptions of Dendi are recorded, however the Wonchi Caldera 13 kilometers to the southwest (not shown) may have been active as "recently" as A.D. 550, say NASA scientists.
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來源 http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/gallery/images/station/crew-16/html/iss016e019239.html
作者 NASA
拍攝地點8° 50′ 23.84″ 北, 38° 00′ 49.41″ 東 Kartographer map based on OpenStreetMap.位於此地的本圖片與其他圖片： OpenStreetMapinfo


本圖像或影音收錄於美國國家航空暨太空總署 （NASA）某部門，其照片編號為： ISS016-E-019239

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8°50'23.837646532676"N, 38°0'49.411010742158"E

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目前2008年4月5日 (六) 13:41於 2008年4月5日 (六) 13:41 版本的縮圖639 × 423（122 KB）TheDJ{{Information |Description=Dendi Caldera, Ethiopia is featured in this image photographed by an Expedition 16 crew member on the International Space Station. The Dendi Caldera is located on the Ethiopian Plateau, approximately 86 kilometers to the southwe

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