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南美胡狼属

维基百科,自由的百科全书

Dusicyon[1]
化石时期:Late Pliocene to recent
Falkland Islands wolf and D. avus
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 脊索动物门 Chordata
纲: 哺乳纲 Mammalia
目: 食肉目 Carnivora
科: 犬科 Canidae
族: 犬族 Canini
亚族: 食蟹狐亚族 Cerdocyonina
属: 南美胡狼属 Dusicyon
C. E. H. Smith, 1839[2]
模式种
Canis australis
Kerr, 1792
物种

南美胡狼属学名Dusicyon)是犬科之下的一个,其物种只见于南美洲,而且所有成员均已灭绝。过往认为本属只包含福克兰狼一个物种,但现时本属物种已增至三个。

分类学[编辑]

本属的模式种福克兰狼Dusicyon australis)。 1914年,英国动物学奥德菲尔德·托马斯Oldfield Thomas)设立本属, in which he included the culpeo and other South American foxes. These other canids were removed to Lycalopex by Langguth in 1975.[3] There is still much debate about the classification of "Dusicyon" cultridens. It has been suggested that this species be placed in the genera Canis or Lycalopex. This debate makes D. cultridens poorly researched.[来源请求]

灭绝[编辑]

原来在距今260万至1万1700年更新世后期(late Pleistocene Epoch[4]广泛分布于乌拉圭阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯省智利最南端的Dusicyon avus,是现时已知最接近福克兰狼的物种:这两个物种在1.6万年前分开[5]。到了全新世后期已全数灭绝:早期估算灭绝于约三千年前的火地群岛Tierra del Fuego),在南美洲大陆最晚灭绝于约1,700年前[6];但较近期的研究认为这个日期其实没有那么远,而是近在距今700年前的潘佩阿纳斯山脉到400年前(即约公元1232年至1397年)的巴塔哥尼亚[7]

参考文献[编辑]

  1. ^ Template:MSW3 Carnivora
  2. ^ Jardine's Natur. Libr., 9: 248.
  3. ^ Template:MSW3 Carnivora
  4. ^ 桂家齐. 人類的動物朋友還有牠!千年古墓中人與狐狸同葬. 太报 (台湾: Yahoo新闻). 2024-04-12 [2024-06-18] (中文(繁体)). 
  5. ^ Cooper, A.; Mena, F.; Austin, J. J.; Soubrier, J.; Prevosti, F.; Prates, L.; Trejo, V. The origin of the enigmatic Falkland Islands wolf. Nature Communications. 2013, 4: 1552 [2013-03-06]. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.1552A. PMID 23462995. doi:10.1038/ncomms2570可免费查阅. hdl:2440/74885可免费查阅 (英语). 
  6. ^ Constraining the time of extinction of the South American fox Dusicyon avus (Carnivora, Canidae) during the late Holocene. Francisco Prevosti, Fernando Santiago, Luciano Prates, Mónica Salemme, and Fabiana Martin. Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 12, EGU2010-577-1, 2010. EGU General Assembly 2010 http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2010/EGU2010-577-1.pdf
  7. ^ Prevosti, Francisco J.; Ramírez, Mariano A.; Schiaffini, Mauro; Martin, Fabiana; Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel E.; Carrera, Marcelo; Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio; Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J. Extinctions in near time: new radiocarbon dates point to a very recent disappearance of the South American fox Dusicyon avus (Carnivora: Canidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. November 2015, 116 (3): 704–720. doi:10.1111/bij.12625可免费查阅. hdl:11336/46106可免费查阅 (英语). 

外部链接[编辑]

(Lycalopex mentioned as Dusicyon) THE DANGEROUS WILD ANIMALS ACT 1976 (MODIFICATION) (NO.2) ORDER 2007. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2007/2465/schedule/made accessed 26 March 2014.

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