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维基百科，自由的百科全书

《暮光之城系列》
作者斯蒂芬妮·迈耶
类型浪漫奇幻、青年小说
语言英语
发行信息
出版机构利特尔布朗公司（英语：Little, Brown and Company）
出版时间
  • 2005年－2020年
出版地点美国
媒介出版
数量4本正传、2本改写、1本外传
系列作品

《暮光之城》（英语：Twilight）是美国作家斯蒂芬妮·迈耶出版4本正传和3本外传组成的浪漫奇幻小说系列，其中4本正传于2005年至2008年出版。正传讲述从亚利桑那州凤凰城搬到华盛顿州福克斯的青少女贝拉·斯旺和活了104年的吸血鬼爱德华·库伦的爱情故事。该系列主要以贝拉为视角，第三部《蚀》的尾声和第四部《破晓》的第二部分则以狼人雅各·布雷克（英语：Jacob Black）为视角。迈耶于2010年出版了中篇小说《布莉的重生》，讲述了一名在蚀曾出现过的新生吸血鬼的故事。拥有近百张全彩图像和权威的故事来源的《官方图解指南（英语：The Twilight Saga: The Official Illustrated Guide）》于2011年出版。在2015年，迈耶为了纪念该小说上市的10周年，出版了系列第一本小说的性转版《生与死》，并更改了故事的结局。2020年，迈耶出版了与系列第一步小说相同内容，但视角更改为爱德华的《午夜阳光》。

自2005年系列第一部小说出版而来，该系列在全球获得巨大的人气和商业成功，其受众主要为青少年。该系列赢得数个奖项，包含2008年的英国图书奖与2009年的儿童选择奖。

截至2022年10月，该系列被翻译成49种语言，全球总销量达到1.6亿册，为史上第16畅销的书籍系列。系列正传的四本小说连续刷新2008年《今日美国》畅销书榜的纪录，在《纽约时报》畅销书榜上停留超过235周。

这一系列已被顶峰娱乐改编成了系列电影，前三集分别上映于2008年、2009年和2010年，最后一集分成两部电影，分别于2011年和2012年上映。该系列共五部电影以共约4亿美元的预算，取得约33.5亿美元的出色成绩。

《暮光之城系列》[编辑]

《暮光之城：暮色》[编辑]

主条目：暮光之城：暮色

父母离异的青少女贝拉·斯旺从母亲位于凤凰城的家中搬到父亲位于福克斯的家，并在当地就读高中。[1] 在被库伦一家的美貌惊艳到后，贝拉对爱德华莫名的敌意感到不解。[2] 在爱德华主动示好后，两人成为好朋友。在一趟前往拉布席的旅程中，贝拉从雅各·布雷克口中得知库伦一家为吸血鬼，但不喝人血，并得到爱德华的证实。[3] 在表白后，爱德华带贝拉前去库伦之家。[4] 在一场棒球比赛中，三名流浪吸血鬼意外前来，其中的追踪客詹姆斯对贝拉的血液感到着迷。[5] 库伦家族为贝拉抵御詹姆斯的狩猎，但因詹姆斯制造出她母亲被绑架的假象，她独自一人前往见面。[6] 她被詹姆斯打到重伤，但爱德华即时抵达并救了她。[7]

《新月》[编辑]

主条目：暮光之城：新月

Edward and his family leave Forks because he believes he is endangering Bella's life. Bella goes into a depression until she develops a strong friendship with Jacob Black, who she discovers can shape-shift into a wolf. Jacob and the other wolves in his tribe must protect her from Victoria, a vampire seeking to avenge the death of her mate James. Due to a misunderstanding, Edward believes Bella is dead. Edward decides to commit suicide in Volterra, Italy, but is stopped by Bella, who is accompanied by Edward's sister, Alice. They meet with the Volturi, a powerful vampire coven, and are released only on the condition that Bella be turned into a vampire in the near future. Bella and Edward are reunited, and she and the Cullens return to Forks.

《蚀》[编辑]

主条目：暮光之城：月食

Victoria has created an army of "newborn" vampires to battle the Cullen family and murder Bella for revenge. Meanwhile, Bella is compelled to choose between her relationship with Edward and her friendship with Jacob. Edward's vampire family and Jacob's werewolf pack join forces to successfully destroy Victoria and her vampire army. In the end, Bella chooses Edward's love over Jacob's friendship and agrees to marry Edward.

《破晓》[编辑]

主条目：暮光之城：破晓

Bella and Edward are married, but their honeymoon is cut short when Bella discovers that she is pregnant. Her pregnancy progresses rapidly, severely weakening her. She nearly dies giving birth to her and Edward's daughter, Renesmee, a dhampir. Edward injects Bella with his venom to save her life and makes her a dhampir. A vampire from another coven sees Renesmee and mistakes her for an "immortal child". She informs the Volturi, as the existence of such beings violates vampire law. The Cullens gather vampire witnesses who can verify that Renesmee is not an immortal child. After an intense confrontation, the Cullens and their witnesses convince the Volturi that the child poses no danger to vampires or their secret, and they are left in peace by the Volturi.

主要角色[编辑]

参见：暮光之城：暮色角色列表
  • 贝拉·斯旺： 作为该系列的女主角，贝拉笨拙且容易吸引危险。有一张白皙的瓜子脸，眼睛和头发都是棕色，长相漂亮，在学校中不乏追求者。[8] 她被描述成对自己缺乏自信和不理解为何爱德华会爱上她。她对一切精神力相关的超能力免疫，如爱德华和厄洛的心灵感应或珍的精神力攻击。[9] 在《破晓》中转变成吸血鬼后，她获得了控制“精神力防护盾”的能力，可用于保护他人。[10]
  • 爱德华·库伦： Edward is a vampire who lives with a coven of like-minded vampires known as the Cullen family, who feed on animals rather than humans. Over the course of the Twilight series, Edward falls in love with, marries, and then has a child with Bella. At first, Edward feels a mutual hatred toward Jacob Black because of his love for Bella, but in Breaking Dawn, he comes to see Jacob as a brother and friend. Like some vampires, Edward has a supernatural ability: mind reading. It allows him to read anyone's thoughts within a few miles' radius. Bella is immune to his power as a human, but learns how to lower this "shield" after her transformation to a vampire.
  • 雅各·布雷克： A minor character in the first novel, Jacob is introduced as a member of the Quileute tribe. He resurfaces in New Moon with a larger role as Bella's best friend as she struggles through her depression over losing Edward. Although he is in love with Bella, she initially sees him as just her best friend. He and other tribe members can shape-shift into wolves. In Eclipse Bella realizes that while she does love Jacob, her feelings for Edward Cullen are stronger. In Breaking Dawn, Jacob imprinted on Bella and Edward's baby daughter, Renesmee, ridding him of his heartache for Bella.

改写[编辑]

《生与死》[编辑]

在《暮光之城：暮色》出版的十周年时，迈耶出版了第一部故事的性转版，以回应“贝拉是个标准落难女子”的女性刻板批评。[11] 书中所有角色的性别都倒转一遍，除了贝拉的父母，因迈耶顾虑到性别交换后没工作的父亲根本不可能收养子女。[12] 贝拉与爱德华的名字分别被改为贝尔和爱蒂丝，[13] 结局被改成了贝尔被詹姆斯的毒液成功转换成了吸血鬼，给予一个确定的结尾。[14]

《午夜阳光》[编辑]

主条目：午夜阳光

《午夜阳光》出版于2020年，与系列的第一部故事《暮光之城：暮色》具有相同的情节，但以爱德华·库伦为视角，而非原先的贝拉·斯旺。[15] 迈耶曾表示，《午夜阳光》是唯一一部她计划以爱德华为视角的小说。[16] 在第一部的电影版《暮光之城》拍摄期间，迈耶曾让导演凯瑟琳·哈德威克与爱德华的饰演者罗伯·派汀森阅读此书的稿件，以让他们更理解爱德华的心态。[17][18][19]

未来计划[编辑]

尽管迈耶曾经发誓她再也不写《暮光之城：暮色》系列小说，但她在2020年8月宣布她将至少再写两本新的《暮光之城：暮色》系列小说。根据她的说法，她已经构思出了架构和第一章的内容，但还不打算马上动笔。[20]

外传[编辑]

图像小说[编辑]

2010年3月16日Yen Press出版由杨恩·金（Young Kim）根据第一部故事所绘制的漫画《暮光之城：暮色：图像小说，第一集》（Twilight: The Graphic Novel, Vol. 1。[21] In February 2011, the graphic novel won the 2010 Gem Awards Best Manga of the Year.[22] The sequel, Twilight: The Graphic Novel, Vol. 2 was released on October 11, 2011,[23] and followed Volume 1 in topping The New York Times Best Seller list for Hardcover Graphic Books in its first week.[24]

《布莉的重生》[编辑]

In March 2010, Meyer revealed on her official website that she will be releasing a new novella in the series, The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner, which tells the story of a newborn vampire who appeared in Eclipse, on June 5, 2010.[25] An electronic version of the book was made available free from her web site, as well as in bookstores.[26]

图解指南[编辑]

In October 2010, Little, Brown and Company announced that The Twilight Saga: The Official Illustrated Guide, a definitive encyclopedic reference for the saga including character profiles, outtakes, a conversation with Meyer, genealogical charts, maps and extensive cross-references with nearly 100 full color illustrations, was to be released on April 12, 2011, after many publication delays since 2008.[27] [28] It debuted at #1 on The New York Times Best Seller list, where it stayed for three consecutive weeks,[29][30][31] and at #4 on the USA Today Best Seller list.[32]

地点[编辑]

Photo of a three-lane main street in a small town. Visible is a traffic light, sparse traffic, and businesses such as a car lot and gas station.
Forks, Washington

The story is set primarily in the town of Forks, Washington, where Bella and her father, Charlie Swan, live. Other cities in Washington briefly appear in the series or are mentioned, such as Port Angeles, Olympia, Seattle and La Push. Some events in Twilight take place in Phoenix, Arizona, where Bella was raised. Volterra, Italy, is featured in New Moon, when Edward travels there to commit suicide and Bella rushes to save him. Jacksonville, Florida, is mentioned first in Twilight and second in Eclipse, when Edward and Bella visit Bella's mother, who has moved there with her new husband. Seattle, Washington, is featured in Breaking Dawn when Jacob tries to escape his love for Bella, and when Bella tries to locate a man named J. Jenks. It is also the location of a series of murders committed by newborn vampires in Eclipse. In Breaking Dawn, Bella and Edward spend their honeymoon on a fictional "Isle Esme", purportedly off the coast of Brazil.

组织架构与流派[编辑]

The Twilight series falls under the genre of young adult, fantasy, and romance, though Meyer categorized her first book, Twilight, as "suspense romance horror comedy".[33] However, she states that she considers her books as "romance more than anything else".[33] The series explores the unorthodox romance between human Bella and vampire Edward, as well as the love triangle between Bella, Edward, and Jacob, a werewolf.[34] The books avoid delving into provocative sex, drugs, and harsh swearing because, according to Meyer, "I don't think teens need to read about gratuitous sex."[35]

"No Vampires" sign in La Push, Washington

To some, Meyer's novels fall into the category of gothic literature as well. Meyer's use of monsters and the unsettling circumstances of Edward and Bella's relationship are key components to the gothic. Gothic literature allows readers to analyze abstract concepts through dark or disturbing analogies.[36] The disturbing nature of the gothic is a result of "repressed familiarity," according to neurologist Sigmund Freud,[37] and we are meant to see ourselves in Meyer's monsters.[36]:48-49 It is also interesting to note that dreams are an important theme in the gothic genre, and Meyer's main inspiration for Twilight came from a dream. Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, a classic in gothic literature, was also inspired by a dream. Twilight moves away from the classical gothic however, through Bella's sympathy toward Edward. Rather than feeling disgust for the vampire, the dangerous intrigue she takes in him moves the plot forward.[36]:49

The books are written in first-person narrative, primarily through Bella's eyes with the epilogue of the third book and a part of the fourth book being from Jacob's point of view. When asked about the structure of the novel, Meyer described her difficulty in pinpointing the premise of the novels to any specific category. The novels involve vampires, but they are not the typical tragic or bloodthirsty kind. The main characters are high schoolers, but according to some, that description also unfairly stereotypes the series.[38]

The books are based on the vampire myth, but Twilight vampires differ in a number of particulars from the general vampire lore. For instance, Twilight vampires have strong piercing teeth rather than fangs; they glitter in sunlight rather than burn; and they can drink animal as well as human blood. Meyer comments that her vampire mythology differs from that of other authors because she wasn't informed about the canon vampires. She did not consider the way her vampires differed from established literature until Twilight was close to being published. By that time, it was too late make drastic changes and Meyer kept her vampires sans "fang and coffins and so forth" not as an act of separation from vampire canon, but as staying true to the way the characters appeared in her mind.[39]

灵感与主题[编辑]

According to the author, her books are "about life, not death" and "love, not lust".[40] Each book in the series was inspired by and loosely based on a different literary classic: Twilight on Jane Austen's 1813 novel Pride and Prejudice, New Moon on William Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet, Eclipse on Emily Brontë's 1847 novel Wuthering Heights, and Breaking Dawn on a second Shakespeare play, A Midsummer Night's Dream.[41] Meyer also states that Orson Scott Card and L. M. Montgomery's Anne of Green Gables series are a big influence on her writing.[38] The Cullens were inspired by Meyer's own family[42] as well as characters from the X-Men cartoon.[43] Other influences on the series which Meyer has acknowledged include the 1847 novel Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë, HGTV, and the films Iron Man (2008), Somewhere in Time (1980), Stranger than Fiction (2006), and Baby Mama (2008).[43]

Other major themes of the series include choice and free will.[38][44] Meyer says that the books are centered around Bella's choice to choose her life on her own, and the Cullens' choices to abstain from killing rather than follow their temptations: "I really think that's the underlying metaphor of my vampires. It doesn't matter where you're stuck in life or what you think you have to do; you can always choose something else. There's always a different path."[44]

Meyer, a Mormon, acknowledges that her faith has influenced her work. In particular, she says that her characters "tend to think more about where they came from, and where they are going, than might be typical."[35] The Twilight series analyzes the Christian moral dilemma of mortal temptation. As a vampire, Edward experiences strong carnal temptations that would result in the corruption of his sense of self. Overcoming these temptations illustrates a common Christian principles of "overcoming the natural man".[45] Mormon tenets of immortality and eternal life are also explored in the series. The vampires have perfected, immortal bodies, but the Cullens long for satisfying relationships. Bella achieves both immortality and the Mormon concept of eternal life by becoming a vampire alongside her husband and daughter.[45] Meyer also steers her work from subjects such as sex, despite the romantic nature of the novels. Meyer says that she does not consciously intend her novels to be Mormon-influenced, or to promote the virtues of sexual abstinence and spiritual purity, but admits that her writing is shaped by her values, saying, "I don't think my books are going to be really graphic or dark, because of who I am. There's always going to be a lot of light in my stories."[46]

起源与出版[编辑]

Stephenie Meyer says that the idea for Twilight came to her in a dream on June 2, 2003. The dream was about a human girl, and a vampire who was in love with her but thirsted for her blood. Based on this dream, Meyer wrote the transcript of what is now chapter 13 of the book.[47] Despite having very little writing experience, in a matter of three months she had transformed that dream into a completed novel.[44] After writing and editing the novel, she signed a three-book deal with Little, Brown and Company for $750,000, an unusually high amount for a first time author.[48] Meyer's literary agent, Jodi Reamer of Writers House, discovered her only because the inexperienced assistant who received Meyer's original letter did not know that young adult books are supposed to be 40,000 to 60,000 words in length, not 130,000 words.[49] Megan Tingley, the Little, Brown editor who signed Meyer, said that halfway through the reading of the Twilight manuscript, she realized that she had a future bestseller in her hands.[50] The book was released in 2005.

Following the success of Twilight, Meyer expanded the story into a series with three more books: New Moon (2006), Eclipse (2007), and Breaking Dawn (2008). In its first week after publication, the first sequel, New Moon, debuted at #5 on the New York Times Best Seller List for Children's Chapter Books, and in its second week rose to the #1 position, where it remained for the next eleven weeks. In total, it spent over 50 weeks on the list.[51] After the release of Eclipse, the first three "Twilight" books spent a combined 143 weeks on the New York Times Best Seller List.[44] The fourth installment of the Twilight series, Breaking Dawn, was released with an initial print run of 3.7 million copies.[52] Over 1.3 million copies were sold on the first day alone, setting a record in first-day sales performance for the Hachette Book Group USA.[53] Upon the completion of the fourth entry in the series, Meyer indicated that Breaking Dawn would be the final novel to be told from Bella Swan's perspective.[54] In 2008 and 2009, the four books of the series claimed the top four spots on USA Today's year-end bestseller list, making Meyer the first author to ever achieve this feat.[55][56] The series then won the 2009 Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Book, where it competed against the Harry Potter series.[57]

截至2022年10月，该系列被翻译成49种语言，全球总销量达到1.6亿册，为史上第16畅销的书籍系列。[58] 系列正传的四本小说连续刷新2008年《今日美国》畅销书榜的纪录，[59] 在《纽约时报》畅销书榜上停留超过235周。[60]

评价[编辑]

The response to Twilight has been mixed. While the books have become immensely popular, they have also generated much controversy.

正面评价[编辑]

Twilight has gathered acclaim for its popularity with its target readers. The Times lauded it for capturing "perfectly the teenage feeling of sexual tension and alienation."[61] Other reviews described Twilight as an "exquisite fantasy",[62] and a "gripping blend of romance and horror".[63] Lev Grossman of Time wrote that the books have a "pillowy quality distinctly reminiscent of Internet fan fiction", but still praised the series, comparing it to The Lord of the Rings and Harry Potter:

People do not want to just read Meyer's books; they want to climb inside them and live there... There's no literary term for the quality Twilight and Harry Potter (and The Lord of the Rings) share, but you know it when you see it: their worlds have a freestanding internal integrity that makes you feel as if you should be able to buy real estate there.[44]

The Seattle Post-Intelligencer called the book a "hot new teen novel",[64] Entertainment Weekly called Meyer "the world's most popular vampire novelist since Anne Rice",[65] The New York Times described Twilight as a "literary phenomenon",[66] and Matt Arado of Daily Herald noted that the Twilight books have become the "hottest publishing phenomenon since a certain bespectacled wizard cast his spell on the world."[67] The large and diverse online fan community of the series are often noted, sometimes even being called "cult-like".[68] Despite this, the series is often considered to have a wider appeal; Crystal Mack of Daily Herald said, "While teenage girls are the main audience, young boys and adults of both genders have also been swept up in the phenomenon."[69]

The author and the series' popularity are often compared with J. K. Rowling and Harry Potter.[44][70] Describing the fan following of the books, the Phoenix New Times wrote, "Meyer's fandom is reminiscent of Harry Potter mania."[50] The Daily Telegraph described Twilight as the "spiritual successor to Harry Potter".[71] Rebekah Bradford of The Post and Courier stated that the series has a "huge crossover appeal much like the Harry Potter books before them."[72] According to the Daily Telegraph, "Stephenie Meyer, in particular, has achieved incredible success across all the English-speaking nations and Europe and many will say that her Twilight series has filled the hole left by Harry Potter."[73] Meyer has responded to such comparisons, saying, "It's terribly flattering to be compared to her, but there's never going to be another J. K. Rowling; that's a phenomenon that's not gonna happen again", however noting that "you can compare my fans to her fans more easily [than me to her]. I do think that we both have people who are just really really enthusiastic, and will come miles to see you and be involved, and everybody really cares about our characters."[74]

A store catering to tourists interested in the Twilight series in Forks, Washington.

Economically, the town of Forks, Washington, the setting for the Twilight series, has improved due to tourism from fans of the books.[75] Forks is visited by an average of 8,000 tourists per month,[76] and has been described as a "mecca for Twilighters".[77] In response to plans for the aging Forks High School to be renovated, Twilight fans have teamed up with Infinite Jewelry Co. and the West Olympic Peninsula Betterment Association to collect donations in an attempt to save the brick appearance or the building altogether.[78]

On November 5, 2019, the BBC News listed The Twilight Series on its list of the 100 most influential novels.[79]

负面评价[编辑]

The series has garnered some notoriety both over its literary substance and over the type of relationship portrayed in the books.

Many have derided the series as poor writing. While comparing Stephenie Meyer to J. K. Rowling, Stephen King said, "the real difference [between Rowling and Meyer] is that Jo Rowling is a terrific writer, and Stephenie Meyer can't write worth a darn. She's not very good."[80][81] However, King understood the appeal of the series, adding, "People are attracted by the stories, by the pace and in the case of Stephenie Meyer, it's very clear that she's writing to a whole generation of girls and opening up kind of a safe joining of love and sex in those books. It's exciting and it's thrilling and it's not particularly threatening because it's not overtly sexual."[81]

A quote from Robin Browne (though frequently misattributed to King or Andrew Futral)[82] negatively compares the Twilight and Harry Potter book series: "Harry Potter is about confronting fears, finding inner strength and doing what is right in the face of adversity ... Twilight is about how important it is to have a boyfriend".[83]

Laura Miller of Salon.com wrote that "the characters, such as they are, are stripped down to a minimum, lacking the texture and idiosyncrasies of actual people", and said that "Twilight would be a lot more persuasive as an argument that an 'amazing heart' counts for more than appearances if it didn't harp so incessantly on Edward's superficial splendors."[84]

Elizabeth Hand of The Washington Post wrote, "Meyer's prose seldom rises above the serviceable, and the plotting is leaden."[85] The article, featured on the Yahoo! website Shine, also criticized the books and the author's final word on the series was, "Good books deal with themes of longing and loneliness, sexual passion and human frailty, alienation and fear just as the Twilight books do. But they do so by engaging us with complexities of feeling and subtleties of character, expressed in language that rises above banal mediocrity. Their reward is something more than just an escape into banal mediocrity. We deserve something better to get hooked on."[86][87]

争议[编辑]

The books have also been widely critiqued as promoting, normalizing, and idealizing an emotionally and physically abusive relationship. Sci-fi website io9 noted that Bella and Edward's relationship meets all fifteen criteria set by the National Domestic Violence Hotline for being in an abusive relationship.[88] L. Lee Butler of Young Adult Library Services Association commented how he was unusually hesitant to stock the Twilight books in his library because he felt the books were "robbing [teen girls] of agency and normalizing stalking and abusive behavior."[89] Many female-oriented and feminist media outlets, like Jezebel,[90] The Frisky,[91] and Salon.com have decried Twilight as promoting an anti-woman message.[92] Bitch magazine stated the novels "had created a new, popular genre of "abstinence porn", concluding that, "In reality, the abstinence message—wrapped in the genre of abstinence porn—objectifies Bella in the same ways that 'real' porn might. The Twilight books conflate Bella losing her virginity with the loss of other things, including her sense of self and her very life. Such a high-stakes treatment of abstinence reinforces the idea that Bella is powerless, an object, a fact that is highlighted when we get to the sex scenes in Breaking Dawn."[93] Ms. declared that Twilight promotes a physically abusive relationship and an anti-abortion message.[94] However, writer Angela Aleiss of Religion News Service said that contrary to popular opinion, Mormons do permit abortion when the mother's life is in danger. Bella's refusal to abort her fetus, along with her quick marriage and pregnancy, instead underscore the Mormon emphasis on family.[95]

Various psychology experts have come out in agreement with the assessment of the relationship as abusive.[96] Melissa Henson, Director of communication and public education for the Parents Television Council, stated:

To impressionable teens, domestic violence is almost romanticized. We've made great strides in recent years in clearly communicating the message that is never okay to hit a woman...Today, the hidden message in the entertainment consumed by many impressionable teens is that if he hits you, it is out of love – which is absolutely wrong.[97]

Many entertainment and media outlets have made similar comments on the abusive nature of Bella and Edward's relationship, including Entertainment Weekly,[98] Movieline,[99] and Mediabistro.com.[100]

Meyer has dismissed such criticisms, arguing both that the books center around Bella's choice, which she perceives as the foundation of modern feminism, and that Bella's damsel in distress persona is due only to her humanity.[101] Meyer also added, "Just because [Bella] doesn't do kung fu and she cooks for her father doesn't make her worthy of that criticism".[102] Shannon Simcox of The Daily Collegian has similarly dismissed the criticism surrounding Bella, commenting, "While Bella plays the perfect damsel in distress that gets herself into sticky situations, she is also very in control of herself. She chose to move to Forks and be in a new place; she constantly faces a bunch of people who want to suck the life right out of her, and she is constantly pleading to become a vampire, too, so she can take care of herself and Edward."[103][104]

法律问题[编辑]

In December 2010, professional singer Matthew Smith, known as Matt Heart, sued Summit Entertainment in the case Smith v. Summit Entertainment LLC. Smith's song "Eternal Knight" was posted on several websites accompanied by cover art which Summit claimed used its "Twilight" typeface mark. Smith won four of the seven causes of action, including his right to continue distribution of his copyrighted song, under the terms that he remove any reference to "Twilight" or the "Twilight Saga".[105]

质疑[编辑]

The Twilight series made the number five spot on the American Library Association's (ALA) Top Ten List of the Most Frequently Challenged Books of 2009, for being "Sexually Explicit", "Unsuited to Age Group", and having a "Religious Viewpoint".[106]

电影改编[编辑]

主条目：The Twilight Saga (film series)

A screenplay for Twilight was written by Melissa Rosenberg and has been adapted into a film by Summit Entertainment. The film was directed by Catherine Hardwicke, with Kristen Stewart and Robert Pattinson in the leading roles of Isabella Swan and Edward Cullen, respectively. The movie was released in the United States on November 21, 2008.[107] Twilight: The Complete Illustrated Movie Companion, written by Mark Cotta Vaz, was released October 28.[108]

On November 22, 2008, following the box office success of Twilight, Summit Entertainment confirmed a sequel, called The Twilight Saga: New Moon, based on the second book in the series, New Moon.[109] The film was released on November 20, 2009. The Twilight Saga: New Moon was released on DVD and Blu-ray on March 20, 2010, through midnight release parties.[110] That same day, Summit Entertainment released Twilight in Forks, a documentary about the primary setting of the Twilight series, Forks, Washington.[111] Topics Entertainment released its own documentary about Forks and the Twilight series on March 16, called Forks: Bitten by Twilight.[112]

The third installment in the series, The Twilight Saga: Eclipse, was released on June 30, 2010.[113][114] The fourth installment, The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 1 was released November 18, 2011. The fifth and last installment, The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2 was released November 16, 2012.[115]

会议[编辑]

While the Twilight series has been a visible presence in many conventions such as ComicCon, there have also been many conventions whose main focus has been on the Twilight series (books and films). Some notable conventions have been Twicon and a series of "Official Twilight Conventions" that are being held by Creation Entertainment.[116]

在福克斯的暮光之城：暮色节[编辑]

Every year around the week of September 13, hundreds of Twilight fans flock to the town of Forks, Washington for the Festival. The festival starts on different dates each year since 2015. It was originally called Stephenie Meyer's Day and held during September 13, which is her book's fictional character Bella Swan's birthday. The festival attracts fans to visit all the famous sites from the movie, Forks High School, Bella's House, The Cullen's house, Newton hardware store, La Push Beach, etc. Fans dress up as their favorite book characters.

Stephenie Meyer's Day was created by the Forks City Council to celebrate Stephenie Meyer on September 13, 2007, for her novels and films. Ever since Meyer's books were published the town's tourist population increases each year.

另见[编辑]

剧情参考资料[编辑]

  • 斯蒂芬妮·迈耶著; Sabrina Liao译. 《暮光之城十週年紀念版》. 台湾: 尖端出版社. 2016. ISBN 978-957-10-6503-8 （中文（台湾））. 
  • 斯蒂芬妮·迈耶著; 瞿秀蕙译. 《暮光之城：新月》. 台湾: 尖端出版社. 2008. ISBN 978-957-10-3981-7 （中文（台湾））. 
  • 斯蒂芬妮·迈耶著; 瞿秀蕙译. 《暮光之城：蝕》. 台湾: 尖端出版社. 2009. ISBN 978-957-10-4002-8 （中文（台湾））. 
  • 斯蒂芬妮·迈耶著; 安丽姬译. 《暮光之城：破曉》. 台湾: 尖端出版社. 2009. ISBN 978-957-10-4101-8 （中文（台湾））. 
  • 斯蒂芬妮·迈耶著; 甘镇陇译. 《暮光之城：午夜陽光》. 台湾: 尖端出版社. 2021. ISBN 978-957-10-9289-8 （中文（台湾））. 

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